Combat System

Turn-based tactical combat using Action Points. Every vanilla weapon, armor set, potion, and food item has a role on the battlefield.

Action Points

The player receives 3 AP per turn (base stat), modified by armor trims, potions, and set bonuses. Each action costs a certain number of AP. When you run out, your turn ends. Any remaining AP is lost when you end your turn early with R.

Action	AP Cost	Description
Move	0 (Speed)	Click a highlighted tile. Movement uses the Speed stat (base 3 tiles), no AP cost.
Attack (Light)	1 AP	All Swords, Bow, and Trident (melee) cost 1 AP.
Attack (Heavy)	2 AP	Mace, Crossbow, and all Axes cost 2 AP. Default attack AP cost is 2.
Use Item (Standard)	1 AP	Most consumables, food, potions, throwables, and tools.
Use Item (Special)	2 AP	Bell, Trident (thrown), Jukebox, and Crossbow.
Use Item (Fishing Rod)	3 AP	Cast into an adjacent water tile. Draws from a loot table.
End Turn	0 AP	Press `R`. Remaining AP is lost.

Weapons

Every vanilla weapon has an Attack value, an AP cost, a Range, and an optional special Ability. Higher-tier weapons gain stronger abilities. Each attack costs 10 weapon durability.

Weapon	Attack	AP Cost	Range	Ability
Fist	1	1	1	-
Wooden Sword	3	1	1	-
Stone Sword	4	1	1	-
Iron Sword	6	1	1	Sweeping Edge: hits adjacent enemy for half damage
Golden Sword	9	1	1	-
Diamond Sword	8	1	1	Sweeping Edge + 30% crit (2x damage)
Netherite Sword	10	1	1	Sweeping Edge + Execute (3x damage below 30% HP)
Wooden Axe	4	2	1	Stun: target skips next turn
Stone Axe	6	2	1	Stun
Iron Axe	8	2	1	Stun
Golden Axe	11	2	1	Stun
Diamond Axe	10	2	1	Stun
Netherite Axe	12	2	1	Stun
Bow	7	1	3	Requires arrows
Crossbow	10	2	Rook (unlimited cardinal)	Pierce-through: bolt continues to hit second target for half damage
Trident	8	1 (melee) / 2 (thrown)	1 / 5	Returning
Mace	15	2	1	3x3 AoE (half damage) + knockback. Slam debris: chunks of the floor fly outward and land as temporary obstacles. Mine them with a pickaxe (1 AP) or wait for combat exit (cleared automatically). Enchants: Density (+AoE dmg), Breach (+2 armor pen/lvl), Wind Burst (+1 knockback/lvl)

Blunt Weapons (Sticks & Rods)

Weapon	Attack	AP Cost	Range	Ability
Stick	2	1	1	-
Bamboo	4	1	1	-
Blaze Rod	8	1	1	Applies Burning
Breeze Rod	8	1	1	Applies Knockback

Coral Weapons (Water Damage)

Weapon	Attack	AP Cost	Range	Ability
Tube Coral	3	1	1	Applies Soaked
Brain Coral	5	1	1	Applies Confusion
Bubble Coral	3	1	1	Knockback 1 tile
Fire Coral	7	1	1	Bonus damage vs burning targets
Horn Coral	6	1	1	Armor pierce
Dead Corals (all)	2	1	1	Applies Weakness
Coral Fans (all)	1	1	1	AoE splash

Hoes (Special/Utility Damage)

Weapon	Attack	AP Cost	Range
Wooden Hoe	1	1	1
Stone Hoe	1	1	1
Iron Hoe	2	1	1
Golden Hoe	2	1	1
Diamond Hoe	3	1	1
Netherite Hoe	3	1	1

Shovels (Pet Damage)

Weapon	Attack	AP Cost	Range
Wooden Shovel	2	1	1
Stone Shovel	3	1	1
Iron Shovel	4	1	1
Golden Shovel	3	1	1
Diamond Shovel	5	1	1
Netherite Shovel	6	1	1

Note: Each attack costs 10 weapon durability (not 1). Weapons can break during combat.

Damage Calculation

Combat has two sides with different defense models. Damage you deal to enemies uses percentage-based defense. Damage enemies deal to you uses Armor Class, which gives you a chance to dodge the hit entirely.

Damage You Deal to Enemies

Enemies use percentage-based defense. Each point of an enemy's defense grants 5% damage reduction, capped at 60% (12 points). The result is always at least 1, so no attack is ever completely negated.

actual damage = max(1, rawDamage * (1.0 - min(0.60, enemyDefense * 0.05)))

Where rawDamage = weapon attack + stat bonuses + damage type bonus + enchantment bonuses.

Example: A weapon with 6 raw damage hitting an enemy with 4 defense: 4 × 0.05 = 0.20 (20% reduction). Actual damage = max(1, 6 × 0.80) = 4.

Armor Class & Dodge

Your defense against enemy attacks is Armor Class (AC). AC does not reduce damage. Instead, it gives you a chance to dodge an attack entirely. A dodged attack deals zero damage; an attack that lands deals its full flat damage. Dodging is meant to be an uncommon, lucky break, not a wall you hide behind.

dodge% = clamp(diff² / 3 + diff, 3, 60) where diff = max(0, AC − enemyAttack)

Every enemy attack rolls a d100 against this chance. The curve is smooth and slightly accelerating, so small AC advantages give modest dodge while large advantages compound. Dodge has a 3% floor (even badly outmatched armor occasionally saves you) and a 60% cap (dodge never becomes a guaranteed wall). A landed hit deals the enemy's full attack value with no damage reduction, so staying geared matters.

How Armor Class Is Built

Each worn armor piece contributes AC based on its material's base value (B):

Leggings: B
Chestplate: B + 1
Helmet & Boots: ⌈B / 2⌉

Material	Base B	Full Set AC
Leather	2	7
Chainmail / Gold	3	11
Iron / Copper	4	13
Diamond	6	19
Netherite	7	23

Mixed armor sums each piece independently. On top of worn armor, AC also gains: the Defense stat (+1 per point), Protection enchants (+1 per 2 levels worn), armor-set bonuses, armor trims, banner auras, and a held shield (+1). The Resistance effect does not raise AC; it reduces incoming damage directly (see below).

Dodge Chance Reference

AC − Enemy Attack	Dodge %	Feel
≤ 2	3% (floor)	outmatched / no armor edge
3	6%	small advantage (eg AC 8 vs ATK 5)
5	13%	full leather (AC 7) vs a starting enemy, or AC 8 vs a 3-ATK zombie
7	23%	AC 10 vs a 3-ATK enemy
9	36%	full iron (AC 13) vs an iron-tier enemy
10	43%	strong gear edge
12	60% (cap)	diamond/netherite outclassing earlier enemies
≥ 12	60% (cap)	you fully outclass this enemy

Old armor stays useful: the 3% floor means weak or outdated armor is never completely worthless. Enchanting old armor with Protection IV (up to +8 AC) keeps even leather viable much deeper into the game.

A dodge is unmissable: when you dodge, you see a swoosh of particles, hear a whoosh and a bright chime, and get a "✦ DODGED!" banner above your hotbar. The Ethereal set bonus and shield blocks share the same feedback.

Damage Types

There are 8 damage types defined in DamageType.java: Slashing (swords), Cleaving (axes), Blunt (mace, sticks, rods), Water (trident, corals), Special (hoes), Pet (shovels), Ranged (bow, crossbow), and Physical (fists). Each armor set grants a class specialization that boosts a specific damage type.

Armor Set Bonuses

Each full armor set assigns a class with unique stat bonuses and a damage type affinity. Data sourced from PlayerCombatStats.java.

Armor Set	Class	Bonuses	Damage Affinity
Leather	Brawler	+2 Physical (Fist) damage, kill streak damage bonus	Physical +2
Chainmail	Rogue	+1 Speed, attacks cost -1 AP (min 1)	Slashing +2
Iron	Guard	+2 Armor Class, immune to knockback	Cleaving +2
Gold	Gambler	+3 Luck/crit chance, +1 emerald per kill	Special +2
Diamond	Knight	+3 Armor Class, +1 Attack	Blunt +2
Netherite	Juggernaut	+4 Armor Class, +2 Attack, immune to fire damage	ALL types +1
Turtle	Aquatic	Water tiles walkable, +1 HP regen/turn, +1 Range on water	Water +3
Copper (requires Copper Age Backport mod)	Marksman	65% chance on ranged hit to ricochet into a nearby enemy for 75% damage	Ranged +2

Armor Trims

Every trim pattern gives a per-piece bonus that stacks up to 4 (one per armor slot), plus a full-set bonus when all 4 pieces share the same trim pattern. Data sourced from TrimEffects.java.

Per-Piece Trim Pattern Bonuses

Trim	Per-Piece Bonus
Sentry	Ranged Power +1
Dune	Blunt Power +1
Coast	Water Power +1
Wild	AP +1
Ward	Armor Class +1
Eye	Attack Range +1
Vex	Armor Penetration +1
Tide	HP Regen +1
Snout	Cleaving Power +1
Rib	Magic Power +1
Spire	Luck +1
Wayfinder	Speed +1
Shaper	Defense +1
Silence	Stealth Range +1
Raiser	Ally Damage +1
Host	Max HP +2
Flow	Speed +1
Bolt	Slashing Power +1

Trim Materials

The material used for the trim also grants a per-piece bonus, independent of the trim pattern.

Material	Per-Piece Bonus
Iron	+1 Defense
Copper	+1 Speed
Gold	+1 Luck
Lapis	+1 Magic Power
Emerald	+1 AP
Diamond	+1 Melee Power
Netherite	+1 Armor Penetration
Redstone	+1 Ranged Power
Amethyst	+1 HP Regen
Quartz	+2 Max HP
Resin	+1 Ally Damage

Full-Set Bonuses

Matching all 4 armor pieces with the same trim pattern unlocks a unique full-set bonus:

Trim	Name	Full Set Bonus
Sentry	Overwatch	Counter-attack ranged enemies that hit you
Dune	Sandstorm	Enemies within 2 tiles lose 1 Speed
Coast	Tidal	Water tiles heal 1 HP/turn
Wild	Feral	Kill streak: 1.3x damage per streak level (resets if no kills)
Ward	Fortress	50% less damage when you didn't move this turn
Eye	Eagle Eye	Ranged attacks have +30% crit chance
Vex	Ethereal	20% chance to dodge incoming attacks
Tide	Ocean's Blessing	Full heal when dropping below 25% HP (once per combat)
Snout	Brute Force	Melee attacks splash to adjacent enemies
Rib	Infernal	Fire attacks deal +3 bonus damage
Spire	Fortune's Peak	Double emerald rewards
Wayfinder	Pathfinder	Movement ignores obstacle tiles
Shaper	Earthshatter	Moving 3+ tiles deals 2 damage to all enemies adjacent to your destination
Silence	Phantom	Invisible for first 2 turns (enemies don't act)
Raiser	Rally	Tamed allies get +2 Speed and +1 Attack
Host	Symbiote	Heal 1 HP for each enemy killed
Flow	Current	Killing an enemy refunds 1 AP
Bolt	Thunderstrike	Critical hits stun the target for 1 turn

Goat Horn Effects

Goat horns are rare drops from goats (10% chance). There are 8 variants, each with a unique sound and a tactical effect. Horns are reusable but cost AP to play. Each horn plays its own instrument sound on use (not a random one).

Horns are identified by their vanilla INSTRUMENT data component, so horns from any source work in combat: goat-kill drops, pillager raid loot, structure chests, trader trades, or /give. Re-using a buff horn refreshes its duration to the larger of remaining and fresh and stacks the amplifier (capped) so consecutive casts make the buff stronger, not shorter.

Horns are Special-class items: the player's Special affinity scales horn output the same way it scales potions. Each Special affinity point grants +1/3 amplifier and +1 duration on the first point (then +1 every 4 points after).

Horn	AP Cost	Effect
Ponder	1	+2 Defense for 3 turns
Sing	1	+2 HP regen for 3 turns
Seek	2	+3 Attack for 3 turns
Feel	1	+2 Speed for 3 turns
Admire	2	All enemies -2 Attack for 2 turns
Call	2	All enemies -1 Speed for 2 turns
Yearn	3	All enemies Poisoned for 3 turns
Dream	2	Fire Resistance for 4 turns

Usable Items

All usable items cost AP to activate. Most cost 1 AP, but some special items cost 2 or 3. Data sourced from ItemUseHandler.java.

Food

Eating food in combat restores HP instantly. All food costs 1 AP.

Food	HP Restored
Enchanted Golden Apple	10 HP + full heal, Absorption, Resistance, Regeneration
Golden Apple	8 HP + Absorption
Rabbit Stew	6 HP
Cooked Beef	5 HP
Cooked Porkchop	5 HP
Cooked Mutton	4 HP
Cooked Salmon	4 HP
Pumpkin Pie	4 HP
Golden Carrot	4 HP
Suspicious Stew	4 HP
Mushroom Stew	4 HP
Beetroot Soup	4 HP
Bread	3 HP
Cooked Chicken	3 HP
Cooked Cod	3 HP
Baked Potato	3 HP
Honey Bottle	3 HP
Cooked Rabbit	3 HP
Apple	2 HP
Carrot	2 HP
Chorus Fruit	2 HP
Rotten Flesh	2 HP
Cookie	1 HP
Melon Slice	1 HP
Sweet Berries	1 HP
Glow Berries	1 HP
Dried Kelp	1 HP
Beetroot	1 HP
Spider Eye	1 HP

Potions

Potions apply turn-based effects rather than timed durations. All potions cost 1 AP. Extended potions double the duration.

Potion	Duration
Speed	5 turns
Strength	5 turns
Resistance	5 turns
Regeneration	3 turns
Fire Resistance	4 turns
Invisibility	4 turns
Water Breathing	4 turns
Healing (Instant)	Immediate

Splash potions: 4-tile range, 3x3 AoE, applies effect to all targets in the area. Cost 1 AP.

Throwables and Special Items

Item	AP Cost	Effect
Snowball	1	Knockback 1 tile
Egg	1	1 damage
Ender Pearl	1	Teleport + 2 self damage
Fire Charge	1	4 damage + fire
Wind Charge	1	Knockback + damage
TNT	1	3x3 AoE: 8/5/3 damage by distance, self damage 6/4/2
Splash Potion	1	4-tile range, 3x3 AoE, applies effect
Cobweb	1	Stun 1 turn
Bell	2	Stun all enemies within 2 tiles
Fishing Rod	3	Adjacent water tile, loot table (Common 50%, Useful 25%, Good 15%, Rare 10%)
Milk Bucket	1	Clear all effects (good and bad)
Flint and Steel	1	2 damage + fire
Totem of Undying	1	Full heal + Regeneration + Absorption
Lava Bucket	1	Creates lava tile (3 fire damage/turn)
Campfire	1	Heal 1 HP/turn when adjacent
Anvil	1	5 damage
Honey Block	1	Enemies lose all movement stepping on it
Powder Snow	1	1 damage + stun
Jukebox	2	Buff all allies +1 speed
Banner	1	Plants a real banner block on the target tile (color-correct). +2 DEF aura for the player and allies within 2 tiles. Particles outline the aura each turn; player gets a notification when the aura mitigates incoming damage. Special-class: bonus DEF scales with Special affinity at placement time.
Water Bucket	1	Creates fishable water tile
Scaffolding	1	+1 range from that tile
Pickaxe	1	Breaks obstacle blocks

Combat Effects

All combat effects are turn-based. Data sourced from CombatEffects.java.

Buffs

Effect	Bonus
Speed	+2 movement
Strength	+3 attack
Resistance	-2 damage taken per level (flat, min 1 damage)
Regeneration	+2 HP/turn
Fire Resistance	Immune to fire damage
Invisibility	Enemies skip you
Absorption	Extra HP
Luck	+crit chance
Slow Falling	No knockback
Haste	+1 AP
Water Breathing	+2 water damage

Debuffs

Effect	Penalty
Poison	Player: -1 HP/turn (configurable). Enemy: `1 + amplifier + max(1, maxHp/20)` per turn.
Slowness	-1 movement
Weakness	-2 attack
Wither	Player: -2 HP/turn. Enemy: `remainingTurns + 1 + amplifier + max(1, maxHp/20)` per turn, front-loaded and tapering as the curse wears off.
Burning	-1 HP/turn
Blindness	-2 range
Mining Fatigue	-1 AP
Levitation	-1 movement
Darkness	-1 range
Soaked	-1 speed, 2x lightning damage
Confusion	Attacks may hit allies

Enchantments

Enchantments carry over into tactical combat with turn-based equivalents:

Most enchantments were overhauled to fundamentally change how you fight rather than grant flat bonuses.

Sword Enchantments

Sharpness: +1 damage per level and applies stacking Bleed. Each Bleed stack adds +1 bonus damage when the enemy is attacked again.
Smite: AoE radiant burst against undead. All undead in radius take bonus damage and lose movement.
Bane of Arthropods: Injects venom (Poison + Slowness) into arthropods. The venom chains to adjacent arthropods when a poisoned one dies.
Fire Aspect: Sends a cone of fire in the swing direction, burning every enemy in the cone.
Knockback: Directional shockwave that pushes the target and enemies behind them. Slamming an enemy into a wall deals collision damage.
Sweeping Edge: 360° spin hitting all adjacent enemies (60% / 75% / 90% damage by level, plus knockback at level 3).
Looting: Extra loot drops on kill (+50% / +100% / +150%).

Bow & Crossbow Enchantments

Power: Bonus bow damage and range per level.
Flame: Burns the target and all enemies adjacent to it.
Infinity: Arrows are never consumed (you only need 1).
Punch: Radial knockback burst on impact, with collision damage.
Quick Charge: Reduces the crossbow's AP cost.
Multishot: Fires 3 bolts in a 45° fan.
Piercing: Bolts pierce through enemies in a line and inflict Bleed.

Mace Enchantments

Density: Gravity well that pulls nearby enemies toward the impact point, with crushing bonus damage.
Breach: Permanently reduces the target's defense per hit, stacking for the rest of combat.
Wind Burst: Shockwave knockback on all adjacent enemies that also buffs your next Mace hit's damage.

Trident Enchantments

Impaling: +damage per level and inflicts Bleed stacks.
Channeling: Chain lightning on hit that prioritizes Soaked enemies (double damage); 1 / 3 / 5 chains by level.
Loyalty: The trident ricochets to nearby enemies (50% damage) before returning, +1 ricochet per level.
Riptide: Dash through enemies instead of throwing.

Armor Enchantments

Protection: +1 Armor Class per 2 levels worn.
Fire Protection: Reduces fire damage (25% / 50% / 75% / 100%).
Thorns: Guaranteed damage reflection (15% / 25% / 35% of damage taken).
Feather Falling: Knockback immunity; attackers recoil off you.

Shield & Blocking

Equipping a shield in your offhand (checked via EquipmentSlot.OFFHAND) provides a passive +1 Armor Class at all times, plus a 25% chance to fully block any incoming attack (an independent roll layered on top of the Armor Class dodge). A successful block negates all damage and consumes a point of shield durability.